Journal of Archaeological Studies

Comparison of FUN relative dating with radiocarbon dating in saline environments on the basis of the study of mommies found in Chehrabad salt mine

Masoud Bagherzadeh Kasiri; biston alizade

Volume 10, Issue 1 , August 2018, , Pages 41-56

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2018.213444.142317

Abstract

In this research, the bone samples of mommies no. 2, 3, and 5 of Chehrabad salt mine, Zanjan, which have been dated previously by radiocarbon dating method, were dated by fluorine, ... Read More

Kashafrud River (Mashhad plain)from the Neolithic to the Middle Bronze Age

Mohammad Sadegh Davari; Hassan Basafa; mahmood toghraei

Volume 12, Issue 3 , December 2020, , Pages 41-63

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2020.290461.142792

Abstract

The Kashafrud area has always been considered by many researchers due to the existence of works from the ancient Paleolithic period, as the oldest cultural area in Iran. ... Read More The Kashafrud area has always been considered by many researchers due to the existence of works from the ancient Paleolithic period, as the oldest cultural area in Iran. For this reason, this cultural field is known in the archeology of the Iranian plateau and the Middle East and is a very important subject. Due to the heterogeneous and limited distribution of archaeological excavations in the territory of Khorasan, our knowledge of the prehistoric cultures of this region in all areas is unknown (Basafa & Rezaei 2014; Vahdati, 2016). In this study, by studying and analyzing the pottery traditions of Kashafrud basin, the relative chronology of settlements have been determined. And the dominant cultural styles of the region have been studied. In this regard, relative dating and compiling a chronological table is one of the archaeological necessities of this period. Assessment of prehistoric pottery cultures and evaluation of intra- and extra-regional interactions are research questions. So far, only two prehistoric review and identification projects have been carried out in the city of Mashhad, which include the study of the Kashafrud River by a joint Iranian-French delegation headed by Ali Ariaei and Claude Thibaut (Ariai and Thibault, 1977), and the survey of Mashhad city by Mahmoud Bakhtiari in 1998 (Labaf Khaniki, 1391). However, there are a few other scattered studies whose results have been published in several articles. However, several scattered studies have been conducted in this area that their results have been published in the form of several articles. Absolute and relative chronologies of the cultural regions of northeastern Iran and southern Turkmenistan have been used in the relative dating of cultural periods of the Kashafrud basin. However, generalizing these dates to surface materials without any stratigraphic study would be challenging. At present, the dates presented in the present study are based on a combination of chronologies presented in the northeastern regions of Iran and Turkmenistan, and its basis may be changed by future archaeological excavations in the Kashafrud basin. The basis of the statistical population of this study is the cultural materials of the Pottery Bank of the Greater Khorasan Museum, which were randomly sampled based on registered reports. An important point in the deployments of Kashafrud River is the relocation and collection of surface samples in the non-academic process. The city of Mashhad as a main part of Khorasan Razavi province and is located between two mountain ranges. Its northern mountain range is a Hezar-Masjed and its southern mountain range is Binalood. A river called Kashafrud passes through this plain. This area is located in the geographical coordinates of 22-57 to 10-61 east longitude and 39-35 to 04-37 north latitude (Figure 1). In total, and based on the studies conducted so far, about 14 prehistoric settlements have been identified within the city of Mashhad and in the Kashafrud basin (Figure 2), that four settlements of them have emerged for the first time in the Iron Age, which is out of this subject research. In the other 10 settlements, they have cultural sequence from the Neolithic to the Bronze Age and in some continuities to the Iron Age. Of these 10 settlements, three settlements of Qaderabad, Qare Tappeh and Abarghandaray have a sequence from the Neolithic period (6500 BC according to the initial phase of Jaitun and not Sange-e Chakhmagh) to the end of the Bronze Age. In this research, the bronze period means only two phases, old and middle (equal to the date 2900-2100 BC according to the sequence of Namazgah Depe and up to 1700 BC according to the BMAC culture). According to material cultures, two Sites of Morghanoo and Naderi have appeared for the first time in the transition period from Neolithic to Chalcolithic (5000-4800 or 4500 BC according to southwest Turkmenistan chronology) and have a cultural sequence up to the Middle Bronze Age. Based on the available evidence and cultural materials from among these settlements, the Toup Derakht site has appeared for the first time in the Late Chalcolithic or Namazgah III (3500-3000 or 2900 BC depending on the sequence of the Namazgah). The establishment of the Toup Derakht has a cultural sequence until the Iron Age. The 4 Sites of Devin, Qalurkhaneh, Gash and Junow have appeared for the first time in the Bronze Age, only in which the Devin Tape and Gash Tape have a cultural sequence up to the Iron Age. Based on the study, classification and typology of evidence of the studied area, it was found that the three settlements of Tape Qaderabad, Qara Tape and Abarghandaray Ancient Site have Neolithic surface materials that stone tools (Figure 3) and pottery with appearance characteristics and technically belongs to the Neolithic period (figure 4). The most important cultural materials belonging to the Neolithic period include buff and red ware with geometric designs. They are handmade and have chaff temper. In addition, those samples in terms of form, pattern and technique are comparable with Sang-e Chakhmagh, Jaitun and Neolithic of the Central Plateau of Iran (Table 2). Finally, according to the relative chronology, the date before 6500 BC to 5000 BC can be considered for the Neolithic period of Kashafrud basin. Based on the study of surface materials, the studied settlements of the transition period from Neolithic to Chalcolithic to the relative date of 5000-4500 or 5200-4800 BC have continued in three settlements of Tape Qaderabad, Qara Tape and Abarghandaray were formed for the first time in this period. The existence of cultural materials of the Chalcolithic period in the three settlements of Qaderabad, Abarghandaray and Qara Tape, equal to the date 4800-2900 BC, indicates the continuity of the establishment and cultural sequence from Late Neolithic period to the Chalcolithic. Also, the presence of surface cultural materials on the settlements of Tape Naderi and Morghanoo, which have appeared in the transition period from Neolithic to Chalcolithic period, has a sequence and continuity, and in addition, the Toup Derakht site also appears in the Late Chalcolithic Period. In addition to these cultural materials, the Early and Middle Bronze Ages have sequences in all the mentioned settlements, including Qaderabad, Abarghandaray, Qara Tape, Naderi, Morghanoo, Toup Derakht Sites, and in addition, Gash Tape, Qalurkhaneh Ancient Site, Tape Junow and they also settle in the Early Bronze phase for the first time. As a result, Kashafrud River, as a vital and effective factor in creating a fertile ecosystem, has provided a suitable platform for spatial and regional Choices of human societies from the Paleolithic period to the present, which in both material and immaterial dimensions with culture, Prehistoric regions of Northeast Iran, especially Shahroud and Damghan, Gorgan plain, Dargaz and Atrak basins, as well as prehistoric cultures of southern Turkmenistan, including the Neolithic period of Jaitun and Anu IA, culture Namazgah I - VI period It is an overlap and perhaps the Kashafrud basin can be considered as the link between the prehistoric cultures of southern Turkmenistan and the Iranian plateau, especially the northeastern region of Iran.

Discovering an Important Historical Truth: The Presence of the God Bahram in the Rock Relief of the Large Grotto of Taq-i Bustan

Iman Khosravi; Reza Mehrafarin; Seyyed Rasool Mousavi Haji

Volume 13, Issue 1 , July 2021, , Pages 41-64

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2020.301912.142874

Abstract

The Sasanian rock reliefs reliefs has been repeatedly, seriously, expertly and completely studied by Iranian and non-Iranian archaeologists and researchers, however, there are remarkable ... Read More The Sasanian rock reliefs reliefs has been repeatedly, seriously, expertly and completely studied by Iranian and non-Iranian archaeologists and researchers, however, there are remarkable different point of views in expressing the historical content of some of the rock reliefs, especially the identification of some of the characters. The reliefs of the large grotto of Taq-i Bustan known as Taq-i Bustan III (TB III) (Figures 1 and 2) are considered as the most controversial and challenging Sasanian rock relief, and the identity of its characters are not known with certainty and are still unclear. Some scholars attributed all of the rock reliefs of the large grotto of Taq-i Bustan to Piruz I. They believed that he wanted to show divine gifts given to him and his country. Some of the researchers and archaeologists attributed the king in the large grotto of Taq-i Bustan as Khusrow Parviz. The other researchers and archaeologists known the king in the large grotto of Taq-i Bustan as Ardashir III (For more studies see Mousavi Haji and Sarfaraz, 2017). By attributing all the rock reliefs of the large grotto of Taq-i Bustan to Piruz I, the authors of this article try to make clear the real identity of one of the characters present in the investiture relief of the large grotto of Taq-i Bustan. The character in question is situated at the right of the scene and to the left of Piruz I, and it appears he invested the royal ring to the Sassanid king (Figure 3). Although, most of the Iranian and non-Iranian scholars and archaeologists introduced him as the god Ahura Mazda, but according to historical sources, facial characteristics and symbol studies, the authors have no any doubt that he was the god Bahram, not the god Ahura Mazda. The most important aim of this article is to clarify the real identity of the character in question in the investiture scene of the Piruz I in the large grotto of Taq-i Bustan. Except Nosratallah Bokhtortash (1998) and overlaet (2011) that attributed the character in question in the investiture scene of Sasanian king in the large grotto of Taq-i Bustan as Mobadan Mobad, other scholars such as Herzfeld (2002), Sheppard (2008), Ghirshman (1975), Vanden Berghe (1984), Meshkati (1970), Scratto (2004), Sami (2010), Shahbazi (1389), Canepa (2013), Haerinck (1999), Azarpay (2000), Hermann (1977), Schmidt (1970), Mackintosh (1978), Tanabe (2003) believed that the Sasanian king in the investiture relief of Large grotto of Taq-i Bustan receiving the royal ring from the great god Ahura Mazda. However, these scholars do not provide a clear and convincing reason in justifying their attribution, and they introduced him as the god Ahura Mazda just on the basis of the fact that the act of investing the royal ring as the symbol of Farrah is performed only from the great god, and therefore he should be the god Ahura Mazda. On the contrary, Bokhtortash and overlaet criticized the archaeologists and orientalists who attributed the character of the investor person as the god Ahura Mazda, and instead they mentioned that the god Ahura Mazda has not appearance and can’t be seen. On the basis of this fact they believed that the person who invested the royal ring in this relief is Mobadan Mobad and not the god Ahura Mazda. The results of this study which are basic research in the view of the purpose and historical research in the view of the method, clearly show that the character in this rock relief should be the god Bahram and not the god Ahura Mazda. To prove this claim, the first the physical appearance and iconography characteristics of the god Ahura Mazda in all of the Sasanian rock reliefs were studied. The results of the study show that the character in question in this article could not be the god Ahura Mazda because in all of the rock reliefs, the god Ahura Mazda wear crenellated crown that the hair appeared above it. But in the rock relief of the Taq-i Bustan, the character in question did not wear crenellated crown. So this character did not have the most characteristic of the god Ahura Mazda i.e. the crenellated crown. In addition, the dress, mantle and trouser of the character in question in the rock relief of the large grotto of Taq-i Bustan have complete differences with the clothes of the god Ahura Mazda. In none of the images, the god Ahura Mazda wear a long mantle that covers the ankle. Therefore, from the point of view of clothing, it is completely different from the images of the god Ahura Mazda in all of the other rock reliefs. The other important point is the beard of this person. The god Ahura Mazda has a folded and open beard in all of the rock reliefs, but this person has a ring at the end of his beard that gathers his beard and makes it like a triangular. This feature is not only unprecedented in any of the surviving images of the god Ahura Mazda, but only seen in the images of the kings. In addition, the trouser of the god Ahura Mazda are not placed in long boots in any of the rock reliefs. In the Park Museum of Taq-i Bustan twelve Sasanian capitals were exhibited which have been collected from different parts of Kermanshah province and transferred to this historical site to preserve (Moradi, 2004). On these capitals, the images of the Sasanian king, various vegetal motifs and the image of several Zoroastrian gods are depicted, which among the Zoroastrian gods, the god Bahram depicted more than the other gods. On one of the capitals, the god Bahram is depicted with a three quarter face and frontal body with big eyes, wavy face moustache and curly beard (Figure 10). He wears a helmet that covers his head and neck completely. On the bottom of the helmet and in the forehead position, a strip consisting of two rows of circular beads is wrapped around the helmet. On top of the helmet, the curly strands of the hair appear, which was wrapped with an ornamental ribbon. On his shoulders, there are big circular globes. He wears a tight, pearl-embroidered dress with a cloak that covers the chest and arms and is fastened at the front by a circular button. He puts his left hand on his chest and puts his thumbs and index fingers on top of each other, and with his right hand, he holds up the royal ring, which symbolizes the Farrah of God (Ibid.). It is interesting to know that in many cases the iconographic characteristics of the god Bahram in this capital are comparable to the physical characteristics of the character in question in the rock relief of the large grotto of Taq-i Bustan. Both characters wear the same helmet, from which curly strands of hair appeared and are adorned with a wavy ribbon. Both characters have necklaces adorned with two strings of pearls around their necks and both of them wear a cloak that fastened with a button on the front of their chests. Both characters have large eyes and are placed circular globes on their shoulders (compare the Figure 10 with Figure 2). In addition to the physical characteristics and iconographical sources, there are other credible and reliable reasons that testify to the correct attribution of the character discussed in this article as the god Bahram. The main reasons are: - Historical sources and religious texts emphasize the close relationship between the god Bahram and its relationship with water and rain. The presence of the god Bahram in this rock relief testifies the companionship and cooperation of this god and the water goddess Anahita in overcoming the drought of Piruz I. The cooperation of the god Bahram and the goddess Anahita is so unprecedented that it has found its way into literature and has remained in the minds in the following years. -The main function of the god Bahram is victory in war. Therefore, his connection with water and rain, as well as his victory in the war, is completely in line with the two prominent events of Piruz I, i.e. the war and the drought, and makes his presence necessary. - The most important characteristic of the crown of Piruz I is the two wings of the eagle which is opened and it is regarded as the symbol of the god Bahram and shows the interest and belief of Piruz I. Even the name of this king is in complete harmony with the meaning of victory –which is the main function of the god Bahram

Investigation of Water Supply System of Garmoz Valley at Behbahan State Based on Archaeological Studies

Ebrahim Raiygani

Volume 13, Issue 3 , September 2021, , Pages 43-68

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2019.284149.142736

Abstract

Garmoz is one of the less well-known ancient sites in the southwest of Iran, located 13 kilometers south-east of Behbahan city. The eastern valleys and the western plains of this site ... Read More Garmoz is one of the less well-known ancient sites in the southwest of Iran, located 13 kilometers south-east of Behbahan city. The eastern valleys and the western plains of this site were the mainstays of the formation of a part of the water supply system and irrigation of the important areas in Downstream areas of the Zidoun and the Hendijjan plains in the Sasanian era. The present study has investigated the irrigation and water supply system to the downstream areas of Gormoz Valley. The purpose of this study is to identify the local and geographical features of Garmoz Valley along with the necessity of creating such a water supply project in the Sassanid era and continuing to pay attention to it in the first centuries of Islam. The question that this paper tries to answer is as follows: How and with what goals was the safe transfer of water from the upper parts of the Khaiyrabad River to the lower points? The nature of aquatic structures is detrimental due to their location in the path of floods as well as riverbeds; It is therefore necessary before the complete destruction of these hydraulic structures; Documented them. The result is that the use of the power of indigenous forces and possibly Roman engineers in the valley of the Garmoz made the water-based water supply system and irrigation, which resulted in the transfer of water behind the dam or weir through channels similar to the Qanat system in the limestone rocks along the river banks to the points The lower was transferred to lower areas of safe and sweet water and prevented the migration of residents to high points and the development of trade and agriculture in the southern parts of Arajan's State. The history of this system was observed in areas of southwestern Iran, including the Daryoun Canal during the Achaemenid period, which is probably a confirmation of the Iranian nature of this irrigation and water supply system. The development of this water supply system in the Sassanid era was completed with the help of local experts and free labor, or at least the cost of Roman captives. This article is the result of combining field research data with citation sources that is presented using the historical descriptive analysis method

Archaeobotanical Studies in Feyzabad Site, in Aran-o-Bidgol Town

Narjes Khan Fini; Reza Nouri Shadmahani; Mohsen Javeri; Mostafa Sarlak; Saman Soortiji

Volume 15, Issue 2 , December 2023, , Pages 43-55

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2023.356585.143190

Abstract

Archaeobotany is one of the interdisciplinary sciences in archaeology. Archaeobotany studies plant remains in archaeological contexts. Based on plant findings, it discusses topics such ... Read More

The Middle Susiana Based on Potteries (Based on Survey of Tepe Sebz)

Mahnaz Sharifi

Volume 1, Issue 1 , January 2009, , Pages 45-65

Abstract

The site of Tappeh Sabz (or Tepe Sebz) lies 6 kms to the north of the city of Behbahan and 100 meters away on the eastern side of the asphalt road that connects Behbahan to the cement ... Read More

Designing Green Routes to Connect Natural-Historical Inner City Structures

Homā Irāni-Behbahāni; Maryam Berenji

Volume 3, Issue 1 , July 2011, , Pages 45-64

Abstract

With the increasing trend in the expansion of urban areas in recent years, in addition to the gradual decrease in the number of intra-city natural environments, the link between natural ... Read More

Decorated Bricks from Iron Age of Iran: Typology and Function

Asieh Dehghani; Hassan Fazeli nashli

Volume 14, Issue 3 , October 2022, , Pages 45-67

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2020.282522.142726

Abstract

The study of architecture and architectural decorations is one of the most basic archaeological tools for the recognition of ancient cultures and societies. However, despite its importance ... Read More

A Brief Report on New Radiocarbon Dates from Tappeh Sofalin, Pishva, Iran

Morteza Hessari; Reinhard Bernbeck; Susan pollock

Volume 12, Issue 4 , May 2021, , Pages 47-57

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2021.306385.142902

Abstract

In the summer of 2017, renewed fieldwork was undertaken at Tappeh Sofalin in the Varamin Plain. A total of 20 samples for absolute dating were collected during this season, several ... Read More

The Context of the Formation of Islamic Studies in Europe with the Approach of Muslims and Christians' Integration in Andalusia

mehri alsadat hashemi doolabi; Mehrnaz Behroozy

Volume 13, Issue 2 , September 2021, , Pages 47-70

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2021.269453.142642

Abstract

What we call Islamic studies today stems from orientalism, which in recent centuries has become a field of scientifically developed studies. Orientalism is Christians west dates back ... Read More What we call Islamic studies today stems from orientalism, which in recent centuries has become a field of scientifically developed studies. Orientalism is Christians west dates back to the founding of the council of the Church of Vienna in 1312AD, establishing a chair for Arabic, Greek, Hebrew and syriac in the schools of Paris, Oxford, Bologna and Salamanca. Orientalists were also mostly biblical scholars, Semitic students, Islamologists, or Chinese scholars. However, some scholars believe that orientalism dates back to the early 11th century. Other associate the beginning of orientalism with the translation of Quran into Latin for the first time. In the twentieth century, orientalism entered a new phase, called Islamic studies. Islamic studies is a bridge from orientalism to religious studies in which scholars seek to engage in more dialogue in religious studies by emphasizing new perspectives. Among the research, the coexistence of Muslims and Christians in Andalusia is an issue that has been addressed. In this study, researcher, faced with the question of what condition have created the coexistence of Muslims and Christians studies? In addition, what has been the process of formation of Islamic studies according to the created fields? In this study, question is that the coexistence of Muslims and Christians in Andalusia was able to create evangelical, economic and scientific fields of Islamic studies. The research method is descriptive- analytical, and library method collect data. The results of this study indicate that after the conquest of Spain, relations between Muslims and Christians were natural and non-hostile. These relations continued in the following centuries, they chose Arabic as their scientific and cultural language. With the spread of Islam in Andalusia, the formation of Islamic civilization, the flourishing of the economy and dominance of Muslim culture and literature evangelical, economic and scientific grounds were provided for the knowledge of Muslims. After the beginning of the reconqueste movement by Christians and the conquest Islamic cities, their attention to Muslim science, technology and culture was aroused. In order to access the scientific treasures that existed in Islamic libraries, the movement to translate Arabic books began. The beginning of the translation movement in Andalusia established Islamic studies. Its transmission by scholars who flocked to Spain, formed all over Europe spread Islamic studies in Europe.

Historical Developments of Natanz City Based on the Written Sources and Architectural Evidence

Seyedeh Sara Mohammadi; hassan karimian; mohsen javeri

Volume 14, Issue 1 , June 2022, , Pages 53-81

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2020.308552.142916

Abstract

As it appears from historical texts, the favourable bioclimatic conditions of the Natanz region and its location in the communication network of Iran’s central plateau, have provided ... Read More As it appears from historical texts, the favourable bioclimatic conditions of the Natanz region and its location in the communication network of Iran’s central plateau, have provided the ground for the formation of numerous settlements, as well as diverse and yet valuable architectural works. Presence of pre-Islamic ancient sites (Such as Arisman ancient site, fire temple, castle, karezes) and also monuments from the Islamic era in Natanz (Such as Juma Mosque, Sheikh Abdul Samad Complex and collections of public, commercial and residential monuments), have turned this city into one of the most valuable ancient settlements in the country; highlighting the importance of the region from prehistoric up to the present century. According to published sources, Natanz's socio-political developments in early-Islamic centuries were influenced by the changes that occurred in the cities of Isfahan and Kashan. Also, the brilliant effects of the historical monuments of Kashan and Isfahan cities have caused the neglect of the monuments of the city of Natanz by tourists and historians of different periods. Neglect that has also affected archaeological, urban, architectural and historical research. The authors have tried to determine the evolution of the city of Natanz, relying on the written sources, in order to identify the factors and events that have influenced the formation and development of this city. Results of the present study revealed that the construction history of this city can be traced back to the Sasanian Empire. Moreover, it became clear that Natanz’s location on the communication network of Iran’s central plateau and It has been one of the centers of caravans crossing and trade and the Central Plateau of Iran, and also its geographical location, environmental conditions and the special defensive function of the natanz city Its importance in different historical periods, especially the Ilkhanid and Safavid periods it has figured

Explaining Iranian north-west Kurgan's culture based on Nir Boyni Yoghun Castle excavation

Akbar Pourfaraj

Volume 4, Issue 1 , July 2012, , Pages 59-81

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2012.35376

Abstract

One of the most important archeological remains in the eastern part of north-west Iran is the existence of thousands of kurgan graves with a complex structure. Despite the lack of concurrent ... Read More

The Irone Age Settlements of Taleghan, Northern Central Plateau of Iran

Hojjat Darabi; Nazli Niazi

Volume 3, Issue 2 , February 2012, , Pages 35-54

Abstract

Like the adjacent areas including Savojbolagh and Tehran Plain etc, Taleghan is one of the regions susceptible to form Iron Age Settlements at northern central part of Iranian Plateau. ... Read More

Comparing Ancient Wall Paintings of Kuh-e Khwaje Zabol and Shahr-e Gur, Firouzabad Fars

gholam reza rahmani; Ahmad Chaychi Amirkhiz; Mohammad Mokari

Volume 9, Issue 2 , April 2018, , Pages 43-56

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2018.240138.142467

Abstract

There are few Wall Paintings remained from the Parthian and Sassanid era in Iran.These limited examples play a major role in the development of the study and our knowledge on pre-Islamic ... Read More

One, Two, and Three: How to Count the Real Number of Archaeological Chipped Stones? An Experimental Investigation on the Counting Methods of Fragmentary Chipped Stones

Mozhgan Jayez; Hamed Vahdati Nasab

Volume 7, Issue 1 , March 2015, , Pages 47-63

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2015.56670

Abstract

Chipped stones, like many other archaeological artifacts, change in their original context. One of the most important changes is breakage. Although it is clear that chipped stones which ... Read More

Animal Symbolic Motifs of the Sasanian Seals and Clay Sealings Case Study: Collection of Moghadam Museum of Tehran

Mostafa Dehpahlavan; Mohamad Qanavati Hendigani

Volume 7, Issue 2 , December 2016, , Pages 47-67

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2015.57747

Abstract

Seals and clay sealings are the most important cultural material of Sasanian period. There have been a few seals and bullas of various periods retained in the Moghadam Museum of Tehran. ... Read More

New Evidence for the Architectural Structure of the Second and First Millennium BC Settlement Sites in the Southwestern Coast of Caspian Sea (Gilan)

vali Jahani; alyas babayof

Volume 10, Issue 2 , January 2019, , Pages 47-65

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2019.68517

Abstract

Attention to the Architecture of the second and first millennium B.C. in Guilan, province is the subject of the many recent field works and studies, provided information on the situation ... Read More

Persepolis Fortification Tablets: Writing and texts type

Bahman Firouzmandi; Makvandi Leilā

Volume 1, Issue 2 , February 2010, , Pages 49-62

Abstract

In Great Achaemenian empire different writings and languages have been used in diverse areas of the Achaemenian dominion for doing administrative-economic activities in administrative ... Read More

Evaluation of Dej-Shahr or Hassan Abad Castle Architectural Structure

Mohammad Ebrahim Zarei

Volume 5, Issue 1 , December 2013, , Pages 49-68

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2013.35943

Abstract

Kurdistan Province is located in western Iran and its geographical position as a corridor has always been routs of attacks by western invaders from the most ancient times including ... Read More

Seeking Sultan Abad-e Chamchamal: Comparing Historical Sources and Archaeological Findings from Tepe Hala Bag

Mohammad Eghbal Chehri; Zahed Geravand

Volume 4, Issue 2 , February 2013, , Pages 51-61

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2013.32119

Abstract

According to historical sources, in time of Oljaito reign the city was built at the foot hills of Bisotun mountain that called Sultan Abad-e Chamchamal. It was a main political region ... Read More

Non-Dalma Ceramics in Dalma Context: Archaeological Detection and Analytical Explanation: Case study Soha Chai Tepe in Zanjan Province

roghayeh rahimi sorkhani; Kamaleddin Niknami; Moein Eslami

Volume 8, Issue 2 , March 2017, , Pages 53-70

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2017.61726

Abstract

The diagnostic Zagros highland MC I ceramic assemblage is called Dalma, after the type site of Dalma Tepe in the southern Lake Urmia basin of Azerbaijan. The remarkable issue about ... Read More

Petrographic Examination of Pottery Samples from Tepe Gratziani, Sistan

Javad Salmanzadeh; Hosseinali Kavosh; Hassan Fazeli Nashli; Seyyed Iraj Beheshti

Volume 6, Issue 1 , September 2014, , Pages 55-66

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2014.52674

Abstract

This paper presents the petrographic examination results on the thirteen pottery sherds from the first season of excavation of Tepe Gratziani in Sistan plain. In order to specify whether ... Read More

An Investigation on the Shahr-e Gur Ceremonial Nine Domical Building

Asadollah Jodaki Azizi; Seyyed Rasool Mousavi Haji; Afshin Ebrahimi

Volume 9, Issue 1 , August 2017, , Pages 55-74

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2017.64005

Abstract

Firuz Abad or Shahr-e Gur is an important city founded by Ardashir Papakan. Despite of researches on Gur and spatial structure of the city, there is ambiguity about function of its ... Read More

Settlements and Population Fluctuations of Bavanat River Basin during Prehistoric Times

null null; Mohammad Amin Mirghaderi; Meisam Nikzad; Habib Emadi; Malihe Tahmasebi

Volume 11, Issue 1 , May 2019, , Pages 55-74

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2019.71096

Abstract

Fars Cultural sphere have different perspectives, including mountainous areas with a cold weather, central part with a temperate climate while the southern part which is limited by ... Read More

Classifying Typical Glazed Potteries of the Second to Fourth Hijri Centuries Discovered from the Bolqays Historical City of Ancient Isfarayen, Khorasan

Mohammad Ibrahim Zareyi; Hamid Amerian; Ahmad Nikgoftar

Volume 8, Issue 1 , April 2016, , Pages 57-76

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2016.59495

Abstract

The ancient city of Isfarayen, known as “Bolqays” in literatures, is one of the most important and magnificent cities of Iran during the early Islamic ages. It is located ... Read More

Volume 16 (2024)

Volume 15 (2023)

Volume 14 (2022)

Volume 13 (2021)

Volume 12 (2020)

Volume 11 (2019)

Volume 10 (2018)

Volume 9 (2017)

Volume 8 (2016)

Volume 7 (2015)

Volume 6 (2014)

Volume 5 (2013)

Volume 4 (2012)

Volume 3 (2011)

Volume 1 (2009)

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