Journal of Archaeological Studies

Sphero-Conical Vessels in Islamic Pottery Survey and Explaining of Function

Hessamedin Arman; hossein koohestani; ali zareie

Volume 12, Issue 2 , September 2020, , Pages 41-59

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2020.243476.142486

Abstract

Among human productions, the art of pottery has significantly expressed the thoughts, ideas and mental creativity of human beings throughout history, among which, glazed pottery in ... Read More

A Study on the Reasons of Inshushinak's Absence in the Religious Texts of Persepolis Fortification

sorour khorashadi; Alireza Enteshari Najafabadi

Volume 15, Issue 1 , April 2023, , Pages 55-87

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2022.344574.143135

Abstract

In the religion of Ancient Elamites, various gods were worshiped. One of the most important gods was Inshushinak. Despite the importance of Inshushinak in the history of Elam, his name ... Read More

Assessing Relative Chronology via Identification of Knapping Techniques: The Case Study of Blade and Bladelet Production in Komishan Cave, Mazandaran, Iran

Mozhgan Jayez; Hamed Vahdati Nasab

Volume 12, Issue 1 , May 2020, , Pages 59-80

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2020.257826.142566

Abstract

Regarding the evolution of the production technique over a long period of prehistory, chipped stone assemblages provide many features that are recognizable and suitable for relative ... Read More

Interaction Between Environment and Culture: Geographical Landscape and Archaeological Analysis of Bronze Age Settlements of Horand County

Sahar Bakhtiari; rouhollah shirazi; behrooz omrani; Reza Salmanpour

Volume 12, Issue 2 , September 2020, , Pages 61-81

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2020.250416.142529

Abstract

Horand County is located in the most eastern part of Eastern Azerbaijan Province and is perhaps one of the few areas of Iran where major archaeological activities have not yet been ... Read More

Identifying the Cultural Sequence of Marivan Plain; Based on Archaeological Field Survey

Morteza Zamani Dadaneh; Sirvan Mohammadi Ghasrian; Amir Saed Mucheshi

Volume 13, Issue 4 , September 2022, , Pages 71-96

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2022.279507.142704

Abstract

In recent years, an increasing number of archaeological investigations have produced new evidence for the prehistoric development (both in chronology and settlement patterns) in the ... Read More In recent years, an increasing number of archaeological investigations have produced new evidence for the prehistoric development (both in chronology and settlement patterns) in the westernmost provinces of Iran. Prior to the commencement of the MPAP an earlier survey in the Marivan region had been carried out by the Department of Archaeology at Bu Ali Sina University in Hamadan (Iran). Research focused on the Paleolithic and Neolithic periods and, unfortunately, evidence from the Chalcolithic periods is yet to be published. The Marivan Plain Survey Project, by Morteza Zamani Dadaneh from the University of Kurdistan, Kurdish Studies Institute, conducted a first season of systematic survey for four weeks in the summer of 2018. The goal of MPAP is to reassess previous survey work in the region. Archaeological project of Marivan plain in 2018 resulted in identifying 60 sites from Neolithic to more recent time. Among identified sites: 1 site dating back to PPN Neolithic, 14 site to chalcolithic period (early, middle and late), 2 site to Bronze Age probably, 11 site to Iron Age, 28 site to historic (Parthian) period and 12 site to Islamic era. Regarding the settlement pattern of prehistoric sites (Neolithic and chalcolithic period), it become clear that all prehistoric sites distributed in the northern and southern shore of Zeribar lake. Most probably such pattern influenced from Zeribar sea level and access to the fertilized agricultural lands in this area in Neolithic and chalcolithic times. But the distribution pattern of historic and Islamic sites is somewhat different from prehistoric pattern and is similar to pattern of nowadays residential areas. Current and historic/Islamic residential area placed close to permanent water sources in the narrow valleys surrounded the Zeribar lake. Of course, part of the Marivan Plain is located in the east of the current Marivan City, which is far from Zarivar Lake, and dispersed settlements in this section formed on the edge of the main river, one of the branches of the Garan River

An Investigation of the Dating of the Main Gateway of Arg-e-Bam

Afshin Ebrahimi; Asadualla Joodakiazizi

Volume 12, Issue 1 , May 2020, , Pages 81-96

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2020.260241.142589

Abstract

The Arg, situated in the northeast of Bam, is one of the historical complexes which perfectly portrays the landscape of a traditional Iranian town. Despite some research related to ... Read More

An Introduction, Description and Classification of Parthian Pottery from Tepe Balan, Sardasht, First Season

salah salimi; Reza Heidari; yousef fallahian

Volume 12, Issue 2 , September 2020, , Pages 83-106

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2020.206209.142290

Abstract

Tepe Balan is one of the five ancient tepe that has been excavated as part of Sardasht dam’s salvage project. More than 900 diagnostic pottery pieces have been found during the ... Read More

Coptic Textiles in Tension of the Political, Economic and Cultural Developments of Egypt, Rome and Iran

roya deyjou; Mostafa Dehpahlavan; Kamaleddin Niknami

Volume 15, Issue 1 , April 2023, , Pages 89-106

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2019.293773.142818

Abstract

Copts are famous artists that are responsible for producing woven fabrics with warm and brilliant colors. During this period, we see the effectiveness of textiles as a means of expressing ... Read More Copts are famous artists that are responsible for producing woven fabrics with warm and brilliant colors. During this period, we see the effectiveness of textiles as a means of expressing social status, communication and aesthetic values, which arises from their widespread integration into daily-life from a practical, social and economic-political point of view. Generally, the most important role of Coptic textiles was clothing, which in addition to the functional aspect in burials, provides a clear picture of the diversity of products, weavers skills and social status of individuals. Due to the importance of this fact, the method of covering and a strong desire for fashion is noteworthy. Meanwhile, change in style and weaving techniques follow the reflection of economic and industrial needs, in addition to supplying domestic and foreign markets, it served military needs as well. In this regard, a thorough understanding of the political as well as the import or export of the textiles, requires examination of the many occupations such as the weaving centers, economic factors and aspects of social life that lead to their production and use of the textiles at all levels of society. Therefore, what we are discussing with a historical-analytical approach in this essay is not restricted to the functions, finding place of the textile and the export of the textiles produced beyond the borders of the province but also the multilateral exchange of cultures are considered too. It can be clearly seen in the widespread popularity of some motives and decorative tapestry. This is because in the continuously evolving their production, coptic weavers not only managed to link the heritage of antique, late classical style in Egypt and Sassanian Persia to what the Arab conquerors brought, but also succeeded in leaving an enormous influence in the region of the Roman Empire and thus through the trade of textiles, succeeded in offering their art and textiles industry far and wide.

Ban Makhmal (Faramarz): A Late Chalcolithic Site in the Northern Valley of the Central Zagros, Sonqor and Koliyaei Township, Kermanshah Province

Mohsen Heydari Dastenaei; Rouhollah Shirazi

Volume 12, Issue 1 , May 2020, , Pages 97-116

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2020.245563.142497

Abstract

Despite numerous archeological activities in the recent years in Kermanshah province, there has been little attention to the eastern parts of the province, including Sonqor and Koliaei. ... Read More

The Analysis of Settlement Patterns of Iron Age in Piranshahr Plain Relying on Geographic Information System (GIS)

Obaidollah Sorkhabi; reza rezaloo; KARIM HAJIZADEH

Volume 13, Issue 4 , September 2022, , Pages 97-115

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2021.257545.142564

Abstract

Interpretation of human’s old behaviors in the past and paying attention to complex and interactive processes between humans and the environment to be understood in terms of their ... Read More Interpretation of human’s old behaviors in the past and paying attention to complex and interactive processes between humans and the environment to be understood in terms of their dependence on the components of the natural and ecological environment is the center of modern archaeology’s attention. Archaeological surveys and analysis of settlement patterns are considered well-known methods in archaeology to help identify these interactive processes.With the studies of the Archaeological Board of the University of Pennsylvania on Hasanlu Hill and the Sandus Plain, the southern basin of Lake Urmia became one of the most important archaeological sites and a basis for chronology in northwestern Iran. Meanwhile, Piranshahr plain on one hand due to its proximity toHasanlu area in the north and Rabat area in the south and on the other hand due to the neighborhood of this area with great powers such as Assyria, Urartu and Mana in the first half of the first millennium BC, Is one of the important areas in terms of archaeological studies of the Iron Age in northwestern Iran. This study examined the Piranshahr plain, assuming that the Iron Age settlements of the Piranshahr plain follow a specific settlement pattern. In this research, using field and library studies and geographical analysis models, a methodical and appropriate interpretation of the distribution of Iron Age areas and the first millennium BCPiranshahr plain was presented. Studies have shown that the Iron Age settlements in the region are most affected by two geographical factors, altitude from sea surface and access to rivers, and this has led to the creation of linear networks in the course of rivers resulting to a suitable choice of height relating to the plain. It was also found that the Iron Age settlements of this plain, following the shape of the roughness and natural geography of the region in the first half of the first millennium BC, by creating a specific settlement hierarchy, tended to form an independent local political unit. The existence of this political unit in modern Assyrian writings as Xubuskie could be identified.

The study of glassware during 1-6 centuries Hegmataneh and Bu-Ali Sina museums of Hamadan

Fereshteh sharifi; Mohammadebrahim zarei

Volume 12, Issue 2 , September 2020, , Pages 107-123

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2019.267992.142633

Abstract

Abstract The manufacture of glassware was one of the historical knowledge and technics of pre-Islamic era of Iran, that was continued during Islamic periods. This research is ... Read More

Classification, Typology and Chronology of Iron Age Pottery at the Site of Meydan in Hamadan

Mohammad Shabani; Mohammad ebrahim Zarei; Kazem Mollazadeh

Volume 15, Issue 1 , April 2023, , Pages 107-132

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2023.341348.143105

Abstract

Considering the lack of finds dating to the Median and Achaemenid periods at Hamadan, it is very important to discover evidence from this period in this city. In 2017, during a construction ... Read More Considering the lack of finds dating to the Median and Achaemenid periods at Hamadan, it is very important to discover evidence from this period in this city. In 2017, during a construction operation in Imam Khomeini Square in Hamadan near the site of Hegmataneh/Ecbatana, some historical-era were identified and an emergency excavation led by Mohammad Shabani began. Excavation in this area uncovered three levels: late Islamic, post-Achaemenid and Medo-Achaemenid. Level III, the lowest layer, according to the excavated ceramics, represents the establishment of Iron Age III, or the Median period, which has continued in the Achaemenid period. The pottery of this period, which is classified into Fine, Common/Medium, and Coarse types, appears in the form of subspecies of Buffware, Brownish-Buffware, Grayware, and Cooking ware utensils. The most common vessel forms are bowls and jars. Among the Common types, there are bowls with horizontal handles attached to the edge, as well as bowls with S-shaped edges and jars with clover-shaped spouts. The pottery of this period is remarkably similar to the pottery tradition of Median sites, especially sites such as Godin II, Nush-e Jan, Babajan I-II, and Yelfan Tepe. In some cases, vessels such as bowls with angled and boat-shaped bodies, small simple cups, and jars with triangular rims are also comparable to Achaemenid sites such as Pasargadae and Persepolis, and even Hasanlu III. Based on the comparison of pottery data of this period with sites such as Godin II, Babajan I, and II, the settlement of the third level of Meydan probably began between 7th and 6th centuries BCE and continued until the end of the Achaemenid period. The findings of this period are very important due to the great ambiguities and challenges related to the Median and Achaemenid settlement of Hamadan and also the lack of identification of layers and cultural materials dating to this period, even after a century of archaeological excavations in this city.

Description, Classification and Typology of the Excavated Parthian Pottery from the Second Seasons of Qal’eh-i Yazdigird’s Excavations

Alireza Khosrowzadeh; Naser Nowruz Zadeh Chegini; Samer Nazari

Volume 12, Issue 1 , May 2020, , Pages 117-137

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2020.266797.142620

Abstract

Pottery -as the most prominent archaeological material- has a great role in reconstruction of regional and transregional interactions. So identification of the pottery assemblages of ... Read More Pottery -as the most prominent archaeological material- has a great role in reconstruction of regional and transregional interactions. So identification of the pottery assemblages of each cultural periods is very important. A few archaeological sites related to the Parthian period have been excavated in western Iran. Therefore, due to the lack of enough ceramic collections to identify and distinguish the pottery of this period, recognition of Parthian sites in western Iran encounter with some problems. So, it's necessary to present a precise dated collection of the Parthian pottery in order to have a better understanding of regional changes in this period. One of the most important sites in western Iran is Qal'eh-i Yazdigird, which has been excavated recently. Describing the pottery forms of this region, could be helpful in the regional pottery studies, as well as relative chronology in the Parthian life world. Pottery is the most prominent archaeological material which has a great role in reconstruction of regional and interregional interactions. So, identification of the pottery assemblages of each cultural period is very important to clarify their chronology and their technological significance. So far, few archaeological sites related to the Parthian period have been excavated in western Iran. Therefore, due to the lack of ceramic collections to identify and distinguish the pottery of this period, recognition of Parthian sites in western Iran encounters some problems. So, it is necessary to present a precise dated collection of the Parthian pottery in order to have a better understanding of their regional changes in this period. One of the most important sites in western Iran is Qal’eh-i Yazdigird, which has been excavated recently. Describing the pottery forms of this region could be helpful in the regional pottery studies, as well as for relative chronology in the Parthian world. According to the excavated pottery, three types have been reported, including clinky, glazed and common wares. Comparative studies on the pottery suggest most of them have been made locally, but some are probably from other sites and show cultural-commercial relationships between this site and other contemporary settlements during the Parthian. On the basis of forms and technical characteristics, it seems that the pottery belonging to the late Parthian period can be classified into two types of ordinary pottery and semi-precise ceramics. In addition to the pottery, other archaeological findings, such as building units, are very useful in our study to reconstruct the chronology of site.

Restoration of Folk Murals of Shia’s Religion in Iran: The Influences of the Expectations of their Public Audiences and the Preference of the Values of these Paintings on the Process of Reconstruction

reihaneh ghasemabadi; Hossein Ahmadi

Volume 13, Issue 4 , September 2022, , Pages 117-140

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2021.308101.142915

Abstract

Murals of Shia’s history from the late Safavid period and its culmination from the Qajar period onwards as the historical religious culture of the public in religious historical ... Read More Murals of Shia’s history from the late Safavid period and its culmination from the Qajar period onwards as the historical religious culture of the public in religious historical sites to this day by continuity of use, cause the emergence of a special attitude to the outstanding features of these paintings and the expectations of their general audience in the restoration. The majority of the murals of such buildings were based on Shiite religion traditions. Overall, the combination of a number of factors namely the significance of the values that have made a connection with the target audience of the heritages in use and the focus on their perception in the last decades, led to this study to pursue this goal to investigate the effects of the characteristics of folk-art paintings in Iran and the needs of their audiences, on their perception of the narrative during the reconstruction. This research has been done due to the development of value-based approaches in the restoration’s contemporary theory at the international level and the importance of the sociological issue of audiences, and the lack of academic research in this field in Iran. This article used purposeful and semi-structured interview techniques with 13 experts and library studies in a qualitative method and performed the analysis with the Colaizzi phenomenological approach by categorizing the interviews. The findings led to the achievement of 6 auxiliary categories and 11 subcategories, that auxiliary categories as factors affecting the reconstruction of the loss of religious-narrative folk murals based on value preference and the expectations of their general audience are:1)the place of special values of folk-art paintings of Shia’s history, 2)factors affecting the perception of public audiences 3)factors affecting the mental retelling of public audiences 4)definition of target audiences(stakeholders),5)the expectations of the public audience from reading the images of historical-religious narratives, and 6)the expectations of the public audience from the restoration and reconstruction of the paintings;

The Study of Chemical Composition of Persian Glass Vessels of the Early Islamic Centuries (10th -11th centuries AD) by micro-PIXE Case Study: Islamic Collection in Iran National Museum

navid salehvand; arman shishegar; bahman firuzmandi shirejini; Davoud AghaAligol

Volume 12, Issue 2 , September 2020, , Pages 125-146

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2019.243957.142489

Abstract

Elemental analysis and chemical composition of ancient glasses are widely used to determine the glass type, technique and raw materials used in their production and recipes. The results ... Read More

Esfanjerd, A Buried Ancient City in the Majumerd Dunes, Yazd Province

Mohamad Hossein Azizi Kharanaghi; Samira Abedi; Seyyed Jalal Hashemi Majomerd

Volume 15, Issue 1 , April 2023, , Pages 133-160

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2023.353049.143174

Abstract

The arid desert climate of Yazd province, with its endless flowing sand dunes, has led to the creation of special conditions for human settlements in this part of Iran. Throughout history, ... Read More

An Historical and Archaeological Approach to the Islamic Site of Anda-jin

mostafa rezaei; maryam mohammadi

Volume 12, Issue 1 , May 2020, , Pages 139-159

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2020.261673.142595

Abstract

The Islamic site of Anda-jin is one of the most prominent and extensive sites from the Islamic period of Hamadan-Bahar plain, located 8 kilometers north of Hamadan in the fertile Quraq ... Read More

A Typology of Genre of Luristan Ware, Based on New Archaeological Survays in Luristan

Alireza goudarzi

Volume 13, Issue 4 , September 2022, , Pages 141-160

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2019.282333.142723

Abstract

The genre of Luristan ware, which was first emerged in the early first millennium BC, was distributed in the Pish-Koh region. The typology of this ware was not clear because of the ... Read More

Chemical study of Bronze Age and Iron Age potteries of Sagzabad Tepe

Rozıta Salehı nezamı; Hassan Fazeli nashli; omid oudbashi

Volume 12, Issue 2 , September 2020, , Pages 147-164

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2020.272487.142666

Abstract

Pottery is one of the cultural evidences that its developments in different times are important archaeological indicators. Pottery can be viewed from different aspects. Appearance features ... Read More

A Survey on Motifs and Inscriptions of Sassanid Seals from Buali Museum

Fariba Sharifian; Katayoun Fekripour; Azadeh Heidarpour

Volume 12, Issue 1 , May 2020, , Pages 161-178

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2020.260783.142591

Abstract

Seals are one of the most important archaeological findings that provide reliable information about geographical names and job positions of the past. During Sasanian period seals were ... Read More

Recognition of Sassanid Takht-i-Nishin (Throne Room) in the Middle of Ardeshir Khorra City; A Proposition of a Temple of Anahita and Fire Chartaqi in the Continuation of Previous Traditions

Hamed Mohammadpour; Elham ANDAROODI; Mohammad Hasan Talebian

Volume 13, Issue 4 , September 2022, , Pages 161-187

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2020.282253.142722

Abstract

In the middle of the city of Ardeshir Khoreh (the city of Gur), there is a rectangular tower, a circular structures, as well as a fort and a circular moat, which are considered to be ... Read More In the middle of the city of Ardeshir Khoreh (the city of Gur), there is a rectangular tower, a circular structures, as well as a fort and a circular moat, which are considered to be the most prominent structures of this city; But in the northeastern part of the city of Ardeshir Khoreh, a place called "Takht-i-Nishin" (throne room) remains in the form of a platform of heavy dressed stone and a hollow or pit in the form of a reservoir, which has been studied by different scholars from the early centuries of Islam until now. However, there are still differing views on this complex; For example, the four-arched structure located on a flat platform is called by the names of Atashgah, Qasr, Tarbal, Atashkadeh, Dekan, Atashkhaneh, Kooshak, Irankiakhareh, Ivan, Dekeh, Irangardeh, palace, mansion, tower, house, and ziggurat. In addition, the reservoir next to the platform is also called Cheshmeh, Ghadir, Hoz Ab (water pool), AbAnbar (water reservoir) and Abnama (fountain). Therefore, attributing various names to this complex indicates the ambiguity in the nature of the constructions. The demolition the complex’s most buildings and the coverage of its remains bu rubbles over time, has caused less attention to this building in various documents and sources. Therefore, by interpreting the different views that exist around the structures of this building, this study aims to recognize the function of the Takht-i-Nishin complex, how the spaces are related and why it was built in the middle of the city of Ardeshir Khoreh. In order to achieve this goal, the interpretive-historical method have been used and library resources such as archaeological reports and historical documents were studied. Also, more accurate and up-to-date information was obtained through field visits and surveys, which paved the way for research. Then, by physical and spatial analysis of similar buildings such as the Anahita temple in Bishapour, a comparative comparison of the combination of four arched structure or Chartaqi and the water basin in the middle of Ardeshir Khoreh city has been conducted. As a result, the research findings show that the building on the platform is in the form of a cruciform hall with a four arched pattern and is located in an adjacent bed overlooking the man-made pond in the middle of the city of Ardeshir Khoreh. According to Ibn Balkhi, and the remains of debris visible on the ground, there was probably a similar quadrangle in front of the second basin or behind the available one. Hence, these Chartaqi, as a continuous fireplace connected to the water basin, have created a structure that shows a common pattern in the formation of Sassanid period religious collections related to water and sacred fire. The findings indicate that it can be a place of worship for the goddess Anahita in a ritual complex by being located next to the holy water pool and fire place

Reflection of Zaydi Shia Beliefs on Alid Coins of Tabaristan

Fatemeh Gholizadeh; Hasan Karimian; Javad Neyestani

Volume 15, Issue 1 , April 2023, , Pages 161-182

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2021.293180.142809

Abstract

The migration of Alid’s Sadat to Tabaristan and Daylam that was the result of pressure of the Abbasid caliphs, along with the subsequent uprising of Yahya bin Abdullah in Daylam ... Read More

Analytical and Survey of Mythological animal images origin over the Sasanin Art period (With Emphasis on Rock Relief and filet and Seal )

nafiseh sedaghat; gholamali hatam; aliasghar mirfatah; reza shabanisamghabadi

Volume 12, Issue 2 , September 2020, , Pages 165-186

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2020.258200.142572

Abstract

During the Sassanid period, countless artworks have been created by artists that include types of motifs The study of animal designs two forms 1- Real animals 2- Mythical and mixed ... Read More

A Survey of Three new finding of Sassanids Silver Vessels from Mazandaran

Mehdi Abedini Araghi; Abdul Reza Mohajeri Nejad; Mohammad Mortezaei

Volume 12, Issue 1 , May 2020, , Pages 179-198

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2020.266204.142618

Abstract

The silverware works of the Sassanid period have their own significance not only for their technological components but also because their archaeological distribution reveals how this ... Read More

Research and Analysis of the Parthian Settlement Pattern in the West Plain of Urmia Lake, Based on Geographic Information System (GIS)

Farangis Mirzaie Damirchi; Alireza Hejebri Nobari; Seyed Mehdi Mousavi Kouhpar

Volume 15, Issue 1 , April 2023, , Pages 183-212

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2019.288384.142777

Abstract

Nowadays, Archaeologists use spatial analysis of environmental data and archaeological field findings to clarify the patterns relating to the scattering of ancient settlements and their ... Read More

Volume 15 (2023)

Volume 14 (2022)

Volume 13 (2021)

Volume 12 (2020)

Volume 11 (2019)

Volume 10 (2018)

Volume 9 (2017)

Volume 8 (2016)

Volume 7 (2015)

Volume 6 (2014)

Volume 5 (2013)

Volume 4 (2012)

Volume 3 (2011)

Volume 1 (2009)

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