مطالعات باستان شناسی

مطالعۀ معماری خانه‌های اربابی در کهگیلویه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

کاووس خسروی 1
محمدابراهیم زارعی 2

1 گروه باستان‌شناسی، دانشکدۀ هنر و معماری، دانشگاه بوعلی‌سینا، همدان، ایران.

2 گروه باستان‌شناسی، دانشکدۀ هنر و معماری، دانشگاه بوعلی‌سینا، همدان، ایران (نویسندۀ مسئول).

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2026.407490.143391
چکیده
از گونه‌های رایج معماری متأخر تاریخی ایران، خانه‌های اربابی هستند که بیشتر آن‌ها در دورۀ قاجار ساخته شده و موردتوجه حاکمان شهرها و روستاهای این دوره قرار داشتند. بیشتر خانه‌های اربابی منطقۀ کهگیلویه، نوعی قلعه‌های دشتی محسوب می‌گردند که طی سده‌های متأخر اسلامی (از اوایل دورۀ قاجاریه تا پهلوی اول) به‌دلیل ضعف حکومت مرکزی و هرج و مرج‌های ناشی از آن و نیز با هدف اقامت و سکونت خان‌‌های محلی و اطرافیانشان، احداث شده‌اند. طی بررسی روشمندی که در منطقۀ کهگیلویه طی سال‌های 1402 الی 1404 توسط نگارندگان انجام گرفت، 34خانۀ اربابی شناسایی گردید. از مهم‌ترین اهداف این پژوهش، در کنار تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌های حاصل از آن و بهره‌گیری از نتایج انتشارات صورت‌گرفته درمورد استحکامات تدافعی و قلاع، مطالعۀ معماری بناهای مذکور می‌باشد. نتایج حاصل‌شده نشان‌گر آن است که در این بناها، به‌لحاظ جغرافیایی و تدافعی تپه‌های طبیعی و بلندی‌ها به جهت اشراف به مناطق پیرامون و توان دفاعی بهتر موردتوجه خاص بوده است. به‌لحاظ طرح، این قلعه‌ها دارای نقشه‌هایی با حیاط مرکزی و به‌صورت درونگرا و با ارتباط فضایی مشابه ساخته شده‌اند. تزئینات گچبری و آجرکاری با نقوش اسلیمی و هندسی از تزئینات غالب در این دسته از بناهاست.

کلیدواژه‌ها

قلعه‌های دشتی
خانه‌های اربابی
کهگیلویه
قاجار
پهلوی
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Study of the Architecture of Manor Houses in Kohgiluyeh

نویسندگان English

Kavous Khosravi 1
Mohammad Ebrahim Zarei 2
1 Department of Archeology, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
2 Dpartment of Archeology, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran (Corresponding Author).
چکیده English

One of the common types of late historical architecture in Iran is the manor house, most of which were built during the Qajar period and attracted the attention of the rulers of cities and villages. Most manor houses in the Kohgiluyeh region are a type of lowland castle constructed during the later Islamic centuries—from the early Qajar period to the First Pahlavi period—because of the weakness of the central government and the resulting disorder, as well as for the residence and settlement of local khans and their entourages. During a systematic survey conducted by the authors in Kohgiluyeh between 1402 and 1404, 34 manor houses were identified. One of the principal aims of this research, in addition to analyzing the collected data and drawing on published studies of defensive fortifications and castles, is to examine the architecture of these buildings. The results indicate that, in geographical and defensive terms, natural hills and elevated locations received particular attention because they commanded the surrounding areas and offered greater defensive capacity. In terms of layout, the castles generally have central courtyards and introverted plans with comparable spatial relationships. Stucco and brickwork decoration incorporating vegetal (arabesque) and geometric motifs constitute the dominant decorative features of this group of buildings.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Lowland Castles
Manor Houses
Kohgiluyeh
Qajar
Pahlavi
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  • تاریخ دریافت 13 دی 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری 27 مرداد 1405
  • تاریخ پذیرش 31 مرداد 1405

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