مطالعات باستان شناسی

گاهنگاری مطلق و نسبی عصر مفرغ در تپۀ شیره‌پزخانه (شیره‌تل)، دشت قزوین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

محمدرضا عسگری 1
فریبا محمدی 2
باربارا هلوینگ 3
حسین داودی 4

1 اداره کل میراث فرهنگی، گردشگری و صنایع دستی استان قزوین، قزوین، ایران (نویسندۀ مسئول).

2 اداره کل میراث فرهنگی، گردشگری و صنایع دستی استان قزوین، قزوین، ایران

3 موزه‌های ایالتی برلین و دانشگاه آزاد برلین، برلین، آلمان.

4 آزمایشگاه بیوباستان‌شناسی، آزمایشگاه مرکزی دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

https://doi.org/10.22059/jarcs.2026.402388.143377
چکیده
این مطالعه، گاهنگاری مطلق و نسبی عصر مفرغ در تپۀ شیره‌پزخانه (شیره‌تل) در دشت قزوین واقع‌در بخش شمالی فلات‌مرکزی ایران را براساس کاوش‌های انجام شده در سال‌های 1394 و 1395ه‍.ش. بررسی می‌کند. این محوطه، توالی فرهنگی چند دوره‌ای، شامل نهشته‌های دورۀ نوسنگی متأخر، مفرغ میانی و مفرغ متأخر را در خود جای‌داده است. باوجود دانش محدود از عصر مفرغ در فلات‌مرکزی ایران، به‌ویژه شکاف قابل‌توجه از اواسط هزارۀ سوم تا اواسط هزارۀ دوم پیش‌ازمیلاد، یافته‌های تپۀ شیره‌پزخانه شواهد ارزشمندی درمورد پویایی فرهنگی و اجتماعی این دوره ارائه می‌دهد. هدف این پژوهش، مستندسازی و تجزیه و تحلیل ویژگی‌های باستان‌شناسی مواد فرهنگی مکشوفه، به‌خصوص گونه‌شناسی ظروف سفالی، برای بازشناسی گاهنگاری نسبی و مطلق برای مراحل عصر مفرغ در این محوطه است. این مطالعه همچنین سنت‌های فرهنگی مشاهده شده در تپۀ شیره‌پزخانه را با سنت‌های محوطه‌های هم‌زمان در مناطق همجوار مقایسه خواهد کرد تا تداوم فرهنگی و تعاملات منطقه‌ای را ارزیابی کند. ازنظر روش‌شناسی، کاوش روشمند و تحلیل لایه‌نگاری برای طبقه‌بندی و گونه‌شناسی ظروف سفالی و بقایای معماری به‌کار گرفته شده است. با بررسی این یافته‌ها، این پژوهش به درک عمیق‌تر از پویایی فرهنگی، اجتماعی-سیاسی عصر مفرغ در منطقه کمک خواهد کرد و به درک بهتری از گذارهای منتهی به عصر آهن و امپراتوری‌های بعدیِ ماد و هخامنشی می‌انجامد. درنتیجه گاهنگاری نسبی و مطلق برای نهشته‌های عصر مفرغ، مشخص شد که این محوطه در بردارندۀ چندین مرحلۀ استقراری از دورۀ مفرغ میانی و مفرغ متأخر است. بازۀ زمانی پیشنهادی برای این دو دوره در این محوطه، 2400 تا 2100 پ.م. برای دورۀ مفرغ میانی و 1800 تا 1700 پ.م. برای دورۀ مفرغ متأخر است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

تپۀ شیره‌پزخانه
عصر مفرغ
سفال چندرنگ
سفال خاکستری
فلات‌مرکزی ایران

عنوان مقاله English

Absolute and Relative Chronology of the Bronze Age at Tappeh Shireh-Paz-Khāneh (Shiretal), Qazvin Plain

نویسندگان English

Mohammad Reza Asgari 1
Fariba Mohammadi 2
Barbara Helwing 3
Hossein Davoudi 4
1 Cultural Heritage, Tourism and Handicrafts Organization of Qazvin Province, Qazvin, Iran (Corresponding Author).
2 Cultural Heritage, Tourism and Handicrafts Organization of Qazvin Province, Qazvin, Iran.
3 Staatlichen Museen zu Berlin and Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
4 Bioarchaeology Laboratory, Central Laboratory, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده English

This study investigates the absolute and relative chronology of the Bronze Age at Tappeh Shireh-Paz-Khāneh (Shiretal) in the Qazvin Plain, northern regions of Central Plateau of Iran, based on excavations conducted in 2015-2016. The site presents a multiperiod archaeological record, including Late Neolithic, Middle Bronze, and Late Bronze Age deposits. Despite the limited knowledge of the Bronze Age in the Central Plateau, particularly the notable gap from the mid-third to the mid-second millennium BCE, the findings at Tappeh Shireh-Paz-Khāneh provide valuable insights into the cultural and social dynamics of the period. This article aims to document and analyze the archaeological features and pottery assemblage to establish a relative and absolute chronology for the Bronze Age phases represented at the site. The study will also compare the cultural traditions observed at Tappeh Shireh-Paz-Khāneh with those of contemporary sites in the neighboring regions, to assess cultural continuity and regional interactions. Methodologically, systematic excavation and stratigraphic analysis have been conducted to categorize artifacts and architectural remains. The typological and chronological frameworks will facilitate dating the artifacts, especially pottery assemblage, and constructing a timeline of cultural sequences. By examining these findings, this research will contribute to a deeper understanding of the socio-political dynamics of the Bronze Age in the region, shedding light on the transitions leading to the Iron Age and the subsequent Median and Achaemenid empires. Based on relative and absolute chronological evidence for the Bronze Age, the site was occupied during both the Middle and Late Bronze Age settlement phases. The estimated date ranges for these phases at this site are 2400–2100 BCE for the Middle Bronze Age, and 1800–1700 BCE for the Late Bronze Age.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Tappeh Shireh-Paz-Khāneh
Bronze Age
Polychrome ware
Grey ware
Central Plateau of Iran
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  • تاریخ دریافت 27 شهریور 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری 11 تیر 1405
  • تاریخ پذیرش 17 تیر 1405

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