Mohammad Ebrahim Zarei
Abstract
Kurdistan Province is located in western Iran and its geographical position as a corridor has always been routs of attacks by western invaders from the most ancient times including ...
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Kurdistan Province is located in western Iran and its geographical position as a corridor has always been routs of attacks by western invaders from the most ancient times including Assyrians. So, Inhabitants of this region to protection against enemies have created defensive fortification structure by which they could protect themselves. Studying and evaluating these habitats can help us to achieve their spatial-physical and social organization features. One of these example is Hasan Abad Dej-Shahr that is located 5 Km from west of Sanandaj city. Use of this complex after Il-khanid (Mongol) assaulting by Ardalan local governors is an important point that should be considered. This paper has been trying to dealing with its geographical situation, locational characteristics, forming, its architectural and urbanism structure, function and its importance in region. By the way, the research question raised by this study include; how the relationship between the fortress and their functions? Is its structure comparable with spatial–physical urban configuration? Filed studies of this complex demonstrated that the fortress functioned not as a defensive structure but indeed because of its most social buildings such as the large halls, mosque and school spaces as well as the residential areas for its inhabitants it seems that it has acted as a Kohandejh during the peace periods. It was center of Kurdistan for a while. According to Soleiman Khan and Shah-Safi, in 1046 AH, this castle with 3 others (Zalm, Marivan and Palangan) were destroyed and was located by the new city of Sanandaj as a center of Kurdistan province.
