mehri alsadat hashemi doolabi; Mehrnaz Behroozy
Abstract
What we call Islamic studies today stems from orientalism, which in recent centuries has become a field of scientifically developed studies. Orientalism is Christians west dates back ...
Read More
What we call Islamic studies today stems from orientalism, which in recent centuries has become a field of scientifically developed studies. Orientalism is Christians west dates back to the founding of the council of the Church of Vienna in 1312AD, establishing a chair for Arabic, Greek, Hebrew and syriac in the schools of Paris, Oxford, Bologna and Salamanca. Orientalists were also mostly biblical scholars, Semitic students, Islamologists, or Chinese scholars. However, some scholars believe that orientalism dates back to the early 11th century. Other associate the beginning of orientalism with the translation of Quran into Latin for the first time. In the twentieth century, orientalism entered a new phase, called Islamic studies. Islamic studies is a bridge from orientalism to religious studies in which scholars seek to engage in more dialogue in religious studies by emphasizing new perspectives. Among the research, the coexistence of Muslims and Christians in Andalusia is an issue that has been addressed. In this study, researcher, faced with the question of what condition have created the coexistence of Muslims and Christians studies? In addition, what has been the process of formation of Islamic studies according to the created fields? In this study, question is that the coexistence of Muslims and Christians in Andalusia was able to create evangelical, economic and scientific fields of Islamic studies. The research method is descriptive- analytical, and library method collect data. The results of this study indicate that after the conquest of Spain, relations between Muslims and Christians were natural and non-hostile. These relations continued in the following centuries, they chose Arabic as their scientific and cultural language. With the spread of Islam in Andalusia, the formation of Islamic civilization, the flourishing of the economy and dominance of Muslim culture and literature evangelical, economic and scientific grounds were provided for the knowledge of Muslims. After the beginning of the reconqueste movement by Christians and the conquest Islamic cities, their attention to Muslim science, technology and culture was aroused. In order to access the scientific treasures that existed in Islamic libraries, the movement to translate Arabic books began. The beginning of the translation movement in Andalusia established Islamic studies. Its transmission by scholars who flocked to Spain, formed all over Europe spread Islamic studies in Europe.
